{"id":13094,"date":"2010-06-13T12:25:10","date_gmt":"2010-06-13T19:25:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kith.org\/journals\/neology\/2010\/06\/13\/the-mills-of-the-gods.html"},"modified":"2018-02-03T09:16:43","modified_gmt":"2018-02-03T17:16:43","slug":"the-mills-of-the-gods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/2010\/06\/13\/the-mills-of-the-gods\/","title":{"rendered":"The mills of the gods"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>Back in 2002, I posted an entry in my main blog about the Longfellow line &ldquo;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kith.org\/journals\/jed\/2002\/05\/21\/452.html\">Though the mills of God grind slowly, yet they grind exceeding small<\/a>&rdquo; and its antecedents, specifically a German poem written by Friedrich von Logau in 1654.<\/p>\r\n<p>A new comment on that entry spurred me to finally write up some info I collected in 2007, when I discovered that in that 2002 entry, I didn't go nearly far enough back.<\/p>\r\n<p>A slightly earlier rendition appeared in George Herbert's <cite>Jacula Prudentum<\/cite>: &ldquo;God's mill grinds slow, but sure.&rdquo; (Though there's apparently some doubt as to his authorship.) I'm not sure whether that line was in the first (1640) edition; the second edition appeared in 1651. But Herbert died in 1633, so if he wrote the book, then he wrote that line earlier. And it was a book of aphorisms, not necessarily things he came up with.<\/p>\r\n<p>But that's still not nearly far enough back. Sextus Empiricus, in the 2nd or 3rd century A.D., wrote something in Latin (&ldquo;Est mola tarda dei, verum molit illa minutim&rdquo;) that's been translated as &ldquo;The mill of god is slow [or late], but it grinds fine [or small].&rdquo; (From <cite>Against the Professors<\/cite>, I.xiii.287; maybe specifically from <cite>Against the Grammarians<\/cite>.)<\/p>\r\n<p>And then there's a line from a Latin translation of the <cite><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sibylline_oracles\">Sibylline Oracles<\/a><\/cite> (&ldquo;a collection of oracular utterances [...] ascribed to the Sibyls,&rdquo; which Wikipedia says were composed from the second to the fifth century A.D.), book VIII, line 14: &ldquo;<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=tme1AAAAMAAJ&amp;pg=PA677&amp;lpg=PA677&amp;dq=%22divina+farinam%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=7eqbbbWiY7&amp;sig=DZJLAQPMugajkEz8RpuwsH6ZS6s&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=NyQVTOrRDIrWNc6B4ZsL&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=3&amp;ved=0CB8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&amp;q=%22divina%20farinam%22&amp;f=false\">Sed mola postremo pinset divina farinam<\/a>,&rdquo; which I've seen translated as &ldquo;Late will the mills of God grind the fine flour.&rdquo;<\/p>\r\n<p>And before that (probably sometime in the late first or early second century A.D.), Plutarch wrote something (in <cite><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moralia\">Moralia<\/a><\/cite>) that's been translated as &ldquo;The mills of the gods grind slowly, but they grind to powder.&rdquo; (From &ldquo;De Sera Numinis Vindicta,&rdquo; &ldquo;On the Delays of Divine Vengeance,&rdquo; end of chapter 3.)<\/p>\r\n<p>Going another step further back, I'm told that Tibulius's <cite>Elegies<\/cite> I.IX.4 has a relevant line (sometime before 19 B.C.), but I don't know what the line was.<\/p>\r\n<p>And Horace wrote, in <a href=\"http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Hor.+Carm.+3.2&amp;fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0024\"><cite>Carmina<\/cite> III.II.31<\/a>:<\/p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<div class=\"stanza\">\r\n<p>raro antecedentem scelestum<\/p>\r\n<p>deseruit pede Poena claudo<\/p>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/blockquote>\r\n<p>Semi-literal translation: &ldquo;Rarely does Punishment desert the retreating criminal, although her foot is lame.&rdquo; Conington translation: &ldquo;Though Vengeance halt, she seldom leaves \/ The wretch whose flying steps she hounds.&rdquo;<\/p>\r\n<p>And finally, the farthest-back reference I know of comes from Euripedes around 405 B.C., translated as &ldquo;Slow but sure moves the might of the gods.&rdquo; (<cite><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Bacchae\">The Bacchae<\/a><\/cite>, line 882.)<\/p>\r\n<p>So, in summary:<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n  <li>The idea of the line dates back at least to the ancient Greeks.<\/li>\r\n  <li>Variants referring to either &ldquo;the gods&rdquo; or &ldquo;God&rdquo; also date back to Classical times.<\/li>\r\n  <li>The specific reference to the <em>mills<\/em> of the gods (or God) grinding &ldquo;fine&rdquo; or &ldquo;small&rdquo; dates back to at least the second century A.D.<\/li>\r\n  <li>I have yet to see a citation that uses the word \"exceeding\" before Longfellow's <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=BMLX37HKtQIC&amp;pg=PA822&amp;lpg=PA822&amp;dq=longfellow+%22poetic+aphorisms%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=NXrQHMeQYZ&amp;sig=gl0BPsVIaQbQF46gAM0kALGJy3A&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=AC4VTObJMYSINsiRoasL&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=6&amp;ved=0CCwQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&amp;q=%22Poetic%20Aphorisms%22&amp;f=false\">1845<\/a> translation of von Logau, as &ldquo;<a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/books?id=fKdbAAAAQAAJ&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;dq=%22The+Belfry+of+Bruges+and+Other+Poems%22&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=Qn80kRf7Vy&amp;sig=HAc1wiNPcolpVRVr8lNtiCxYahg&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=Ty4VTPnhEIamNraVzMAL&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=2&amp;ved=0CBcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&amp;q=Retribution&amp;f=false\">Retribution<\/a>,&rdquo; in <cite>The Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems<\/cite>. I'm guessing that Longfellow contributed the word &ldquo;exceeding&rdquo; (translating von Logau's &ldquo;trefflich&rdquo;), and that subsequent renditions in English that use &ldquo;exceeding&rdquo; or &ldquo;exceedingly&rdquo; derive from Longfellow.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>I'm still not entirely clear on the question that brought me to this topic in the first place: why do so many modern versions of the line use the phrase &ldquo;exceeding fine&rdquo; instead of Longfellow's &ldquo;exceeding small&rdquo;? &ldquo;Fine&rdquo; is a reasonable translation of some of the Classical sources, but if &ldquo;exceeding&rdquo; comes from Longfellow, then why are the Classical sources getting mixed in?<\/p>\r\n<p>It makes me wonder whether the 1875 speech that I quoted in the original entry (by Rep. Richard H. Cain, an African-American Representative addressing the House) is what popularized the phrase, since Cain did say &ldquo;exceeding fine.&rdquo;<\/p>\r\n<p>Anyway, I think that's enough on this topic for now. Apparently the mills of Jed's research grind very slowly; it took me five years to find out more about this topic, and then another three to get around to writing it up and posting it.<\/p>\r\n<p>Many thanks to Kendra Eshleman for translations, confirmations, dates, and huge amounts of general information, and to Kevin W. Woodruff for a posting to a librarian mailing list with several of these cites. Thanks also to the <cite>New York Times<\/cite>'s &ldquo;Queries and Answers&rdquo; column, August 29, 1920.<\/p>\r\n<p>(Added later: On looking at the title of this entry, I've now got a song stuck in my head. &ldquo;The mills of the gods go round and round.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&rdquo;)<\/p>\r\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Back in 2002, I posted an entry in my main blog about the Longfellow line &ldquo;Though the mills of God grind slowly, yet they grind exceeding small&rdquo; and its antecedents,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[96,72],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-latin","category-quotations"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13094","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13094"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13094\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17005,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13094\/revisions\/17005"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kith.org\/words\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}